ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children and can persist into adulthood. Early detection of signs of ADHD in kids is crucial for proper intervention and the overall well-being of your child.
Here, you can learn more about what ADHD looks like in preschoolers and how to identify the signs, as well as the effective intervention strategies in place to help children with ADHD thrive.
Understanding ADHD in Preschoolers
ADHD symptoms are usually evident before the age of seven. In preschoolers, ADHD manifests in three main types: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type. With ADHD, there are consistent patterns of behavior that often interfere with day-to-day functioning or development. This may lead to problems at school, at home, and within friendships.
Here are some common signs of ADHD in kids within each type:
Predominantly Inattentive
- Easily distracted and difficulty holding attention
- Finding it difficult to listen or carry out instructions
- Forgetfulness and often losing things
- Struggling to complete tasks, especially if they are time-consuming or monotonous
- Constantly changing an activity
Some signs become more obvious as a child gets older, such as making careless mistakes (like in schoolwork), often running late, and having poor organizational skills.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive
- Fidgeting or squirming frequently
- Difficulty focusing on tasks or activities
- Struggling to wait their turn
- Difficulty engaging in quiet activities
- Excessive talking and/or physical movements
- Difficulty staying seated, such as during meal times
- Impatience and frequently interrupting others
- Inability to sit still, especially in a quiet/calm environment
Some signs of ADHD may become more noticeable in time, such as impulsivity (acting without thinking about what the result will be) and having little or no sense of danger.
Combined Type
A combination of the symptoms listed above can be present in some children.
Other symptoms of ADHD can include:
- Forgetfulness
- Procrastination
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Low self-esteem
- Mood swings
Symptoms of ADHD can range in severity and it’s important to note that children with ADHD may still be able to focus on activities they enjoy or find engaging. However, they typically struggle with tasks that require sustained attention and self-control. Children with ADHD are often mislabeled as slow-learners, daydreamers, or spacey.
Early Detection and Assessment
If you suspect your child might have ADHD, it’s essential to work closely with a healthcare professional to properly diagnose the condition. If left untreated, ADHD can cause significant problems in a child’s life, such as underachievement at school, problems with discipline, and poor social interaction with other children and adults.
There is no specific test for ADHD; instead, a thorough evaluation by an ADHD trained healthcare professional is required. This may involve a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and observations of your child’s behavior both at school and at home.
Intervention Strategies for Young Children with ADHD
If your child is diagnosed with ADHD, early intervention is key to improving their academic, emotional, and social well-being. ADHD treatment is highly effective for many people, and those treated can lead full productive lives. Here are some strategies to help manage ADHD in preschoolers and young children:
Behavioral Interventions
- Use clear and consistent rules, routines, and expectations
- Reinforce positive behavior using praise and rewards
- Implement timeouts and other disciplinary measures when necessary
- Provide structure and routine in the child’s daily life
- Work closely with teachers and other caregivers to maintain consistency across environments
Environmental Interventions
- Minimize distractions in the child’s learning and play environments
- Use visual aids and reminders for tasks and schedules
- Ensure the child has regular opportunities for physical activity and outdoor play
Medication Management
In some cases, healthcare professionals may recommend medication to help manage ADHD symptoms in preschoolers. Always consult with a medical professional before giving your child medication for ADHD. There are different medications available to treat ADHD, and it may take time to determine the most appropriate medication or combination of medications. Medication can help with concentration and impulsivity and help children to feel calmer and better able to learn and practice new skills.
Psychological and Behavioral Therapy
Psychological and behavioral therapy and social skills training can be helpful for children as they grow and develop. Both can help them manage problems, learn coping strategies, and develop social, emotional, and planning skills. Psychological and behavioral therapy can also help with making sense of being diagnosed with ADHD.
Behavior therapy and parent training and education programs can be beneficial for parents and family members to learn the best ways to respond and talk to the child and develop ways to play and work with them to improve their attention and behavior.
Educational Interventions
Support from schools and teachers can help children with ADHD achieve and enjoy school more. Ensuring educational interventions are in place for when your child starts school is essential. Effective interventions may include:
- Collaborating with the school to develop an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 Plan, which can include accommodations, modifications, and support services tailored to a child’s needs
- Offering regular breaks and using engaging, hands-on learning activities
- Teaching and reinforcing time management, organization, and study skills
Early detection of signs of ADHD in kids is vital to ensuring the best possible outcomes for your child. With the right support, intervention, and understanding, children with ADHD can achieve success both academically and socially. If you have any concerns about your child’s behavior or development, don’t hesitate to seek guidance from a healthcare professional.
Help for ADHD in Purchase, NY
If your child has signs of ADHD or if you would like to find out more about ADHD detection and intervention strategies, visit Westchester Park Pediatrics. We understand the importance of diagnosing and treating issues related to mental and developmental health as early as possible. Our experienced medical team offers a comprehensive range of primary care and mental health services to ensure your child gets the best support and care they need.
We provide high-quality healthcare services for children, from newborns to young teens, all in a comforting and reassuring environment. If you would like to schedule an appointment or find out more about the services we offer to children, please call us at (914) 761-1717. You can also request a consultation online. If you have concerns about your child, take action today, as it can make all the difference in your child’s life.
